Published: 10 May 2020
Author(s): Giacomo De Luca, Corrado Campochiaro, Silvia Sartorelli, Giovanni Peretto, Lorenzo Dagna
Issue: July 2020
Section: Review Article

Myocarditis is defined by World Health Organization as an inflammatory disease affecting the myocardium, diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) using established histological, immunological, and immunohistochemical criteria [1,2,3,4]. Myocarditis can be caused by viral, bacterial and fungal infections, systemic diseases, autoimmune dysregulation, drugs and toxins [5]. When no infectious agents are identified on EMB and all other known causes are excluded, an autoimmune process is the presumed etiology [6].

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