Pleural effusion, which is included as one of the Framingham minor diagnostic criteria for heart failure (HF), is one of the common signs reflecting body fluid retention and can be quickly and objectively evaluated by chest radiographs [1]. However, no data is available on the prognostic implications of responsiveness of pleural effusion to the treatment during HF hospitalization. Therefore, we sought to explore the association of residual pleural effusion at discharge with post-discharge clinical outcomes in patients with pleural effusion on admission for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).
