Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in the United States, with prevalence currently estimated at 6 million which is projected to increase to 12 million by 2030, in line with the aging population [1,2]. AF is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of stroke [3], a 3 to 11-fold risk of heart failure (for men and women, respectively) [4], and a higher risk of premature mortality and increasing healthcare costs [5].
