Potassium (K+) is the most abundant cation in the body (50–75 mEq/L/kg body weight). Under physiological conditions, approximately 98 % of total body K+ is located in the intracellular space and only 2 % in the extracellular space [1]. Several physiological and pathological processes regulate K+ metabolism, increasing or decreasing its body's content (Fig. 1).
