In a progressively aging world, the concept of frailty is becoming increasingly relevant. Frailty is a dynamic, age-related biological syndrome with multifactorial causes leading to impaired resilience and subsequent losses in physical, psychological, and social functioning. Frailty is associated with metabolic dysregulation, cognitive dysfunction, and multimorbidity and has a bidirectional relationship with atherosclerotic risk factors and cardiovascular (CV) disease [1,2]. In fact, the prevalence of frailty in older adults with established CV disease is higher than the general population, reaching 33 to 50 % in hypertensive older patients [3] and 80 % in subjects with heart failure [4].
