According to the last updated ESC guidelines 2022, the term Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) describes a clinical condition characterised haemodynamically by the presence of mean pulmonary artery pressure > 20 mmHg at rest on right heart catheterization (RHC). Patients with PH may be categorized based on their hemodynamic characteristics as pre-capillary, isolated post-capillary (IpcPH), or combined pre- and post-capillary (CpcPH). Pre-capillary PH, which includes pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), is defined by a mPAP > 20 mmHg, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) ≤15 mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >2 Wood units (WU).
