Adverse cardiac remodeling (ACR) is not only one of the most important mechanisms of heart failure, but also the independent risk factor of mortality and morbidity for patients with cardiovascular disease [1]. ACR usually characterized with increased apoptosis [2] and necrosis [3], but blunted mitophagy and increased metabolism disorders [4]. Although previous studies revealed that traditional drugs such as, beta-blockers, aldosterone blockers, and renin–angiotensin system inhibitors have beneficial effect on ACR [5].
