Serum potassium levels are tightly regulated within a narrow physiological range, typically 3.5–5.0 mEq/L [1]. Potassium homeostasis involves maintaining a concentration gradient between intracellular and extracellular potassium, and the kidney plays a central role in regulating total body potassium by adjusting potassium intake and excretion [1]. In patients with heart failure, disorders of serum potassium are commonly encountered in clinical practice due to the high prevalence of comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD) [2].
