Syncope is a transient loss of consciousness, characterized by amnesia, loss of postural tone, occasional disturbances of smooth muscle control, which is spontaneously reversible [1]. According to the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines [2], three types of syncope exist: reflex or neurologically mediated syncope, related to a specific trigger; syncope due to orthostatic hypotension, defined by a drop of >20 mmHg in systolic blood pressure or >10 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure after standing for three minutes; and cardiac syncope, caused by structural diseases of the heart and great vessels.
