Acute heart failure (AHF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive or sudden and rapid onset of signs and symptoms of HF, related to hemodynamic and neurohormonal derangement [1,2]. AHF requires urgent treatment, and decongestion therapy is needed when a fluid overload is present. Although the understanding in the pathophysiological mechanisms of congestion in AHF has increased, the fluid accumulation still represents not only a common cause of AHF, and is associated with poor outcome [3,4].
