The kidneys play a central role in maintaining the body's homeostasis, performing a wide range of vital functions. They eliminate unnecessary and potentially toxic metabolic waste products, such as urea, regulate the volume and composition of body fluids, maintain water-electrolyte acid-base balance, serve as an endocrine organ to maintain electrolytes and bone marrow function, and contribute to blood pressure regulation. This pleiotropic functionality underscores the kidneys' critical importance in shaping and sustaining the body's internal biochemical environment.
