Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in developed countries with rising prevalence due to the aging of the population, the poor control of CV risk factors, and the increased survival of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or other cardiac diseases [1]. Data suggest that the incidence of HF is mostly flat or declining but that the burden of mortality and hospitalization remains mostly unabated despite significant ongoing efforts to treat and manage HF [2].
