Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the general population, increasing by 30 % over the last 20 years primarily as a result of the better diagnostics and ageing population [1], with a prevalence that peaks at 28.5 % in older adults [2]. The impact of AF on individuals’ quality of life and functional status is mainly due to its symptoms, the risk of AF-related complications such as stroke, and the possible adverse effects of its pharmacological treatments [3]. Patients with AF often have various cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular risk factors, and these usually do not occur in isolation, leading to multimorbidity, polypharmacy and frailty [4,5].
