Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally [1,2] and shares many risk factors with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) [3,4]. Increasing evidence has emerged emphasizing the multidirectional relationship among metabolic risk factors, renal function, and cardiovascular health, a concept highlighted by the recent American Heart Association Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome Scientific Statement [5]. CKM syndrome delineates a systemic condition marked by complex pathophysiological interplays among metabolic risk factors, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the cardiovascular system, resulting in multiorgan dysfunction and a heightened incidence of adverse ASCVD events [6].
