Oesophageal fibrosis is a progressive and severe complication of long-standing, T-helper type 2-driven, allergen-mediated inflammation in untreated patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) [1]. Persistent inflammation promotes oesophageal epithelial barrier impairment and activates a complex epithelial-stromal cell interplay, culminating in the differentiation of myofibroblasts and subsequent extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition under the stimulation of the transforming growth factor-β [2].
