The contribution of brain biopsy is well-established for patients with suspected neoplastic lesions, for which its diagnostic yield approaches 95% [1,2]. For nonneoplastic neurological diseases, no recommendation exists regarding the place or appropriate timing of brain biopsy. Limited data support using brain biopsy to determine a diagnosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with neurological symptoms [3,4], cerebral angiitis [5], Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease [6] or dementia [7].
