Hereditary recurrent fevers represent a heterogenous group of disorders considered systemic auto inflammatory diseases, caused mostly by monogenic mutations. Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), in particular, is the most common among autoinflammatory diseases, and it is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene on chromosome 16. FMF is relatively rare in Europe and US, but it is quite common in populations of the Mediterranean basin and middle eastern origin. In this area the incidence of the disease can reach 1/200–1/1000 with the prevalence of healthy carriers as high as 1 in 5 among Armenians [1,2].
