In the currently changing scenario, in which our patients are progressively older and more likely burdened by concomitant chronic long-term conditions [1], diabetes mellitus (DM) play a prominent role in determining the health state of patients worldwide [2]. In particular a strict relationship exists between DM and atrial fibrillation (AF), which is one of the most common cardiovascular conditions [3]. Indeed, DM is now recognized as one of the most important risk factors leading to the development of AF, with a number of mechanisms involved in determining this relationship [4,5].
