Over the past decade, diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a growing epidemic with an estimated global prevalence of 10.5 % (537 million people) in 2021, according to the International Diabetes Federation [1]. It is projected that the prevalence will reach 12.2 % (783 million people) over the next 20 years [1]. Of note, DM seems to be significantly more common in urban than in rural areas, and in high-income than in low-income countries [1]. In addition to the increasing prevalence, another public health concerns that most cases of DM remain undiagnosed until the person develops diabetic complications.
