Acute liver failure (ALF) as well as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease are defined by rapid deterioration of liver function in association with failure of one or more organs and a poor prognosis. Short-term mortality rates reach 75.5% in ACLF [1] and 80% in ALF [2]. Effective treatment options aimed at improving liver function and limiting inflammation are still lacking. Hence, current therapeutic strategies focus on targeting the triggering event and improving the management of complications such as bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy and bacterial infections, among others [1].
