Influence of gender on the performance of urine dipstick and automated urinalysis in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections at the emergency department

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are generally more common in women compared to men [1-3]. Beside incidence, also differences in presentation and course of UTI exist between men and women. This is due to a variety of factors, like (pelvic) anatomic differences, voiding issues, and vaginal mucosa colonization [4-8]. In addition, differences in causing uropathogens exist between men and women [9].