Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] was first discovered by Norwegian geneticist Berg in 1963 in the Nordic population [1]. Subsequently, it was proved to be a plasma lipoprotein determined by genes, consisting of cholesterol ester, cholesterol, apolipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein B100, and a small amount of triglycerides and carbohydrates [2]. Then in 1974, Berg began to explore the association between Lp(a) and coronary heart disease [3]. However, because circulating Lp(a) levels are largely regulated by gene locus and therefore vary in concentration across countries and races [4,5], early studies of the association between Lp(a) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) did not yield uniform conclusions [6].
