Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health challenge, increasing clinical, social, and economic burdens on individuals and healthcare systems. In nearly every region of the world, the rising rates of obesity, aging populations, and improved survival among people with chronic cardiometabolic disease have led to a growing number of patients with diabetes [1]. These individuals are at a disproportionately high risk of hospitalization and often face more complex inpatient courses, including higher rates of infection, cardiovascular events, renal complications, and mortality [2].
