A paper published in this issue of the European Journal of Internal Medicine shows results from the COVID-19 RISK and Treatments (CORIST) Collaboration Study [1]. The authors analysed data from a large multicentric Italian retrospective observational study based on 3,451 COVID-19 patients - including 576 deaths - to test a recently debated hypothesis: whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) can reduce (or prevent) COVID-19 in-hospital mortality [1–3].