Acute kidney injury (AKI), even in its milder forms, significantly contributes to increased morbidity and mortality among both hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals. However, AKI is now understood not as a single disease but as a complex and heterogeneous syndrome with diverse etiologies, clinical presentations, and outcomes [1]. The context in which AKI develops is one of the most crucial factors influencing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical trajectory.
