The potential use of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides that play a regulatory role by targeting mRNAs for translational excision or repression [1,2], has gained attention. A potential use as biomarkers has been proposed given their association with the disease state, their presence and stability in the circulation, and the possibility of measuring them by reliable and sensitive techniques [3,4]. The renewed interest in miRNAs in cardiovascular (CV) disease to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic tools has generated a large amount of scientific output [5–7], and concerted cooperation between groups, such as the COST (Cooperation in Science and Technology) EU-CardioRNA, a COST action funded under the European Commission [8].
