Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common systemic vasculitis affecting older people in Western countries, being more prevalent in females [1–4]. Vascular inflammation predominantly affects the aorta and its main branches (especially carotid, vertebral, and temporal arteries), leading to vascular stenosis, occlusions, and aneurysms. Patients typically complain of recent-onset headache, and blood tests show raised biological inflammatory markers [1–4]. However, GCA may present with highly variable symptoms and three overlapping phenotypes have been described: the cranial phenotype, the systemic phenotype, and the isolated polymyalgia rheumatica phenotype [5].
