Published: 24 April 2020
Author(s): Giuseppe Lippi, Emmanuel J. Favaloro, Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
Issue: April 2020
Section: Review Article

Lipoprotein[a] (Lp[a]) is an enigmatic low density lipoprotein (LDL)-like particle, in which apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100), the main protein moiety of LDL, is covalently linked through a single disulfide bridge to apolipoprotein[a] (apo[a]) (Fig. 1) [1]. The Norwegian scientist Kåre Berg originally discovered the existence of apo[a] protein in 1963 [2], while its gene was cloned by McLean and colleagues nearly 25 years later [3]. The discovery and further refinement of the apo[a] gene sequence on chromosome 6q26-27 revealed many distinctive features of this apolipoprotein, which is characteristically present only in primates and in the hedgehog, most likely reflecting a process of convergent molecular evolution [4].

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