We read with great interest the article by Mei and colleagues, who investigated cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) domains in a large European cohort of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and their associations with antithrombotic treatment, adherence to the Atrial Fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway, and clinical outcomes [1]. The authors should be commended for framing AF within the emerging CKM construct and for translating multimorbidity patterns into clinically interpretable signals.
