Atrial fibrillation (AF) and pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis (DVT), all of which have an indication for anticoagulation, are observed commonly in patients with malignancy, regardless of whether they undergo surgery [1]. Further, perioperative AF (POAF) is occasionally observed in patients with malignancy who undergo surgery and AF recurs in at least one-third of POAF patients in the subsequent clinical courses [2]. While anticoagulation has an indication for individuals with AF or DVT to reduce a risk of thromboembolism, the treatment may increase a risk of bleeding in patients with malignancy.
