Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are closely interlinked clinical entities that frequently coexist [1–3] . CKD predisposes to AF through structural, inflammatory and neurohormonal mechanisms including hypertension, atrial enlargement, and systemic inflammation[4]. Conversely, AF may contribute to CKD progression by reducing renal perfusion and promoting neurohormonal activation[4]. Patients with both conditions carry a disproportionately high risk of stroke, bleeding, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality [1].
