Given the fact that “pathologies involving upper and lower GI (gastrointestinal) system should always be considered during the diagnostic process for IDA (iron deficiency anaemia)” [1], gastroduodenoscopy should feature early in the work up of IDA. If no obvious underlying cause of IDA is found the same gastroduodenoscopy session should be utilised to evaluate autoimmune gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection status by gastric biopsy, as well as Giardia lamblia infestation status and coeliac disease status by duodenal biopsy, instead of considering those disorders only “in the presence of unexplained recurrent IDA” [1].
