The increasing burden of acute illness, together with the progressive reduction in hospital bed capacity across Europe, has intensified the need for optimized management strategies for high-acuity medical patients outside the intensive care unit (ICU) setting [1]. Intermediate Care Units (IMCUs) have emerged as a structured level of care positioned between general wards and ICUs, designed to provide continuous monitoring and advanced non-invasive organ support for critically ill patients who do not require invasive life-sustaining therapies [1].
