Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition resulting in more than 1 million hospitalizations annually in both the United States and Europe [1]. Because the natural history of HF is characterised by disease progression and episodes of acute decompensation most of HF patients are admitted for decompensated chronic HF [1]. The vast majority of signs and symptoms of patients presenting with decompensated HF are caused by pulmonary and systemic congestion [1], the wet haemodynamic profile which reflects increased cardiac filling.