From meta-analysis to the individual patient with atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease: the complexity of antithrombotic treatment in real-world clinical practice and the need for a tailored approach

The management of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and/or undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is highly complex. For this reason, during the last decade cardiovascular research has been focused on finding the best balance between ischemic and hemorrhagic risk in such patients.